Simple dark energy explanation: What does vacuum consist of? Does empty space have weight or mass?

Light on the dark energy mystery

Vacuum has physical properties. That is a fact. Notably permitivity and permeability. Permitivity and permeability together can be used to calculate the speed of light in a certain medium, including the vacuum. Permitivity affects the capacity of a capacitor and permeability the inductance of an inductor. That's why we use materials of high permitivity in capacitors and high permeability ferrites in inductors.

So, is vacuum a "repulsive force"? Oh yes, indeed it is! If the permeability and permintivity of vacuum were half of their current value, speed of light would be twice of its current value. More than that, permitivity and permeability affect the maximum speed of anything, anywhere. As we said earlier: if materials (like water for example) have higher permitivity, permeability the speed of light will be slower there. But that implies the water IS there. If you take out all the water, the empty space still has physical properties.

I would like to point to Dirac, as he is presented by George Gamow in the book "Mr. Tompkins in Paperback". He talks to a dolphin that does not realize that he lives in a space filled with water. The same way, we do not realize we live in a space filled with space.

To explain the above: the space we live in consists of three independent dimensional axis and one time axis. We live in a defined space! Out of our space, with no permeability and permitivity, existance of matter would not be applicable. We live in a 3-dimensional material world. I think that explains the "dark energy" case pretty well. Simply "NOTHING" CAN NOT HAVE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. ONLY "SOMETHING" CAN HAVE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.

So, even empty space must be of some value, since it is a 'defined space' which is even measureable. Thus the problem of "repulsive dark energy force" should not come as a surprise, and we again need to admit that there might be some cosmological "aether" as is the medium trough which radio waves travel nostalgycally called to these days.

We all see water having "repulsive force" on ships that slows them down, yet we thought that vacuum would not have such properties on matter, how foolish we were. Vacuum allows magnetic force to pass trough and it allows existance of electric field too. In other words, vacuum consists of some transfer medium, which I call "defined space" to transfer those properties up to a speed limit defined by permitivity and permeability of the vacuum.

Nanodiamonds rain from the sky - or not?

In reference of the article Diamond clues to beasts' demise I have to add that if you were to throw a giant ball of frozen methane into the planet Earth, you would not only get lots of diamonds as methane is known to produce diamonds on thermal decomposition under low pressure, but also you would get no traces of the hydrogen from methane, as water is water and it flows without leaving many traces. Also, burning methane would spread the cloud over the continents as the smoke and diamond particles too would have to be removed by precipitation of water - rain. It also explains the rapid climate change - something reminiscent of nuclear winter when fine smoke inhibits the energy input from the Sun.

You would really need only... small amount of frozen methane in the asteroid to impact Earth, as the plume of smoke would already start in stratospheric heights, making the sunshine blockage very effective from the start.

What if the centre of the blast was above what we now know as Gulf of Mexico? Would it cause double-disaster of lower temperature millenium with insane rainfalls at the beginning? Terrifying image, isn't it?

Yet another blue flame cosmic object

Filled glue/paint/adhesive part1

The mix contains 12.3g polyols, 4.7g 4,4'-diphenylmethanediisocyanate = 17g of the polyurethane casting compound. Added 25.4g SiC powder, 6-micron, unknown purity, pleasant gray color. That makes it 60% by weight of the SiC. Hardly mixable.

Adhesion testing: polystyrene, aluminium, polyethylene, wood, foam polystyrene glass epoxy PCB, zin-coated steel, complete hardening expected to be two days.

English to metric conversions !!!

Follow this link or read below, amazing work guys!

English Unit	Quantity	Multiply by	Metric Unit
inch	1	25.4	mm
foot	1	0.3048	m
in2	1	645.16	mm2
ft2	1	0.09290304	m2
ft3/min	1	0.0004719	m3/s
BTU/hr	1	0.2930711	W
BTU/hr-ft-F	1	1.729577	W/m-K
BTU/hr-ft2	1	3.1546	W/m2
BTU/hr-ft2-F	1	5.67826	W/m2-K
BTU-in/hr-ft2-F	1	0.144228	W/m-K
F-ft2-hr/BTU-in	1	6.9333466	m-K/W
F-ft2-hr/BTU	1	0.176109	m2-K/W
lbf/ft3	1	16.01846	kg/m3
lbf/ft2	1	47.88026	Pa
mph	1	0.44704	m/s

Building a better light trap - ako postaviť lepšiu pascu na svetlo

Na začiatok - ako materiál ideálne hliník a čierne matné niklovanie.

Stavba - nie zprava doľava ako plochá štruktúra ale zpredu dozadu.
Bunku sú zužujúce sa štyrhrany - zvlnené plechy zvarené/zlepené spolu. Chladná voda sa privádza na vonkajšej strane aby tam kde je najväčšie vyžarovanie naspäť do priestoru sme mali najnižší potenciál. Pomer hĺbky k šírke bunky - vnútorný uhol < 40°.

* Na to aby sa nejaké žiarenie odrazilo naspäť musí naraziť aspoň na dve steny.
* Môžeme dosiahnuť vyššiu účinnosť alebo vyššiu teplotu ako pri plochom usporiadaní.
* Bunky nemusia byť príliš malé, časti so štvorom 8x8cm môžu byť dlhé 20cm.
* Treba dať pozor na príliš vysoký uhol dopadu lúča, žiarenie by sa pravdepodobne odrazilo na dielektrickom zrkadle.
* V tejto forme sa dá tiež použiť ako solárny ohrev nasávaného vzduchu. (napr. pre sušenie obilia)
* Ako odparník pre turbínu cyklu Rankin-Uehara.

Vylepšenie: ihlan alebo šesťhran ako predloha na ktorú navinieme plochý zberač (plech na rúrke, plochá rúra) ako špirálového slimáka. Tieto môžeme potom uložiť do matice.

na 10x10cm prierezu slnečného lúča dopadne len 5-10W

Zumotor part 2 - ingredients properties

Teplo rozkladu dusičnanu amónneho pri konštantnom objeme je 1,59MJ/kg pri totálnom rozklade a 0,96MJ/kg pri rozklade na oxidy dusíka a pod. Kysličníky dusíka tvoria s vodnou parou kyseliny, pre pripomienku spomeniem. Skutočný rozklad na plyny pri konštantnom objeme môže nastať len pri detonácii veľmi veľkého množstva liadku amónneho, takže hodnoty sú pre naše použitie približné. Každopádne je z tých čísiel vidieť že toľko tepelnej energie ani nepostačí na odparenie rozpúšťadlovej vody a ohrev pár na teplotu vhodnú do spaľovacieho priestoru.

Inými slovami: dosiahli sme cieľ návrhu: môžeme - a musíme vstrekovať viac paliva. A nemusíme sa ani báť že by nechcelo horieť, rozkladné produkty ako kyslík, oxid dusný, oxid dusnatý a oxid dusičitý a - kyselina dusičná - sú veľmi reaktívne medziprodukty. Rád by som aby teplota u rozprašovaného dusičnanového roztoku bola rádovo 1000°C aby sa nám netvorila obávaná kyselina dusičná. (odhad od buka)

termodynamika: p=nRT/V - tlak (p) nám bude pri pohybe piestu klesať aj keby sme udržali konštantnú teplotu, riešime to nie zvyšovaním teploty (T), ale pridávaním materiálu (n). Teplota môže podľa vstrekovaného materiálu stúpať alebo aj klesať. Ako už bolo v minulom článku naznačené, najvyšší tlak bude využívaný hlavne v bode kde kľukový hriadeľ vyvinie najvyšší moment.

Zlá správa je, že dusičnan amónny disociuje na amoniak a kyselinu dusičnú a tak si viete predstaviť že väčšina kovov je úplne nekompatibilná (čast 10. v linku). Možno bude treba vstrekovaciu rúrku nahrubo pozlátiť zvnútra :D:D. Aspoň že má zlato dobré mazacie vlastnosti.

Nový typ dieselového supermotora

Pracovný názov je Zumotor.

Úvod: Výkon motora na jednu otáčku je daný množstvom vzduchu ktoré je v cykle stlačené do obmedzeného priestoru, do ktorého môže byť následne vstreknuté množstvo paliva podľa hmotnosti stlačeného vzduchu. Dajme tomu, že máme turbo a do 0,6L objemu zdvihového objemu nasajeme 1,5 gramu vzduchu. Do tohto natlačíme ešte 0,2 gramu paliva a vytvorí to horúcu zmes plynov s vysokým tlakom ktorý vykoná prácu.

Prácu vykonáva TLAK, nie teplota! Vysokú teplotu potrebujeme na to aby dané množstvo hmoty (1,7g) malo čo najvyšší tlak plynov a pár. Princíp vylepšenia Zumotoru je práve v zvýšení množstva hmoty ktorú chceme premeniť na plyny a pary a dosiahnuť pokiaľ možno čo najvyšší tlak počas celého pracovného cyklu. Množstvo a tlak spalín bude tiež väčšie, takže použitie turbodúchadla sa javí úplne prirodzené.

Ako prišlo k nápadu: po ceste z obeda som sa pozrel na našu malú mačku, povedal: "no čo, micinko?", išiel smerom ku dverám a pozrel na flašu s technickým liehom. Povedal som: "musí to byť jedno palivo?" Premýšľal som totiž dlhšie o tom ako využiť Elsbettov motor a piest v úprave pre jednoventilový dvojtaktný vznetový motor so štyrmi vstrekovacími tryskami, napríklad (hlavne?) pre drag racing traktorov s vlečenou záťažou. V rýchlosti som prebral možnosti: výsledok: Metanol by bol dobrým sekundárnym 'palivom', naftou by sa rýchlym vstrekom štyroch trysiek pripravilo horúce prostredie na tepelný rozklad metanolu - výsledok sú pary metanolu, voda, uhlík, metán, vodík, oxid uhoľnatý, a určite aj uhličitý. Skrátka, čím vyšší stupeň rozkladu, tým viac tlaku možeme získať s rozkladných produktov. Dynamika je v praxi iná, ale ideme len hypoteticky zatiaľ. Môže to priniesť zlepšenie, ale z princípu to má dve mušky: je to málo energeticky výhodné a produkuje to pevné častice (uhlík), prípadne vodík, ktorý v oceli spôsobuje vodíkové krehnutie, prípadne kvantá oxidu uhoľnatého. ...nie celkom ideálne.

Dnes po ceste z obeda som to trochu premyslel... chceme aby palivá boli kvapalné, nenáročné, ľahko manipulovateľné. Taký HTP peroxid (80% H2O2) by bol fajn, nakoľko sa samovoľne rozkladá a produkuje mračná vodnej pary a kyslíka, ale taktiež rozleptáva ruky, prípadne ich zapáli na dotyk a obsahuje veľa kyseliny fosforečnej, a to nehovorím ani o detonáciách pri tankovaní za druhej svetovej vojny na experimentálnom stíhači. Čo ešte také by sme mohli použiť, aby to neobsahovalo kovy a ani iné veci čo by sa mohli premeniť na tuhé častice, ale by boli len plynné?

"Jedine, jedine asi dusičnan amónny, ten je známy tým že je čiste z dusíka, kyslíka a vodíka"

Pokračoval som teda hypoteticky s dusičnanom amónnym a dospel k zaujímavým výsledkom. Vec prvá: NH4NO3 sa používa občasne ako trhavina. Pre dve veci: stáva sa, že ho máte pár sto kilo a asi toľko výbušniny potrebujete v dobrej cene. Vec druhá je že pri detonácii môže trpieť samorozkladom a tým pádom nepotrebuje palivo - ako som povedal: 2 NH4NO3 -> 4 H2O + 2 N2 + O2 - - - no a tak sa našiel vhodný a lacný kandidát na teoretický a možno aj praktický experiment. Ale ešte pre ilustráciu: v jednom výpočte kedysi dávno som odhadol stechiometrický pomer paliva na 100kg liadku amónneho na 8 litrov (alebo kg?) nafty na 100kg liadku. Tuším tak. Každopádne, na malé množstvo uhlíkatého paliva treba obrovské množstvo beuhlíkatého, na plyny a pary sa rozkladajúceho okysličovadla. Inými slovami, ak pozmeníme príklad vyššie (1,5g vzduchu + 0,2g palivo), môžeme použiť (1,5g vzduch + 0,1g palivo +1,5g NH4NO3 + 0,1 g palivo) a máme ďaleko viac činnej hmoty ktorá môže vykonávať prácu.

Technické vlastnosti :
Obľúbená stránka s ťažkou chémiou, rozpustnosť je asi 1,2kg v 1kg vody pri 0°C, 1,9kg v 1kg H2O pri 20°C a asi 10kg v litri 100°C vody!!! Spočítajte si, že 100 gramov NH4NO3 rozložíme na 45g H2O + 35g N2 + 20g O2. Pri 100°C po nahriatí motora na polo-varné chladenie by rozpúšťadlo (voda) pridalo len ďalších 10g vody na strany rovnice. Zanedbateľná položka! A ak budeme potrebovať inú rovnováhu reakcie (nižšiu teplotu spalín) doladíme obsah vody v roztoku.

Asi sa nedostanem k opisom všetkých motorov ktoré ma napadli, ale skončím u toho piestu štvortaktu s vŕtaním 91 mm a zdvihom 92 mm. Použijeme piest s omega komôrkou, ale s upraveným profilom priebehu pre viac vstrekov. Základom je jednovalec, OHC, 2 ventily na valec, externé turbodúchadlo. Do stredu piestu mieri kolmo tryska na vstrekovanie koncentrovaného roztoku dusičnanu, uhol rozprašovania je malý a kruhový - obvyklá ihlová tryska zatiaľ. Pre vstrek paliva dve trysky podobne ako pri Elsbettovom dvojtermickom návrhu. Uhol vstreku "šikmo dole zahnuto". V hlave motora je do spaľovacieho priestoru cez malý otvor zavedená tlaková sonda.

Pracovný cyklus: Celé zariadenie je mechanické, len s elektronickým servoladením, čiže bude fungovať bez elektroniky, elektronické súčasti sú len na nastavenie presných pracovných parametrov. Toto je podmienka návrhu. Vstrekovací mechanizmus roztoku dusičnanu amónneho nemôže byť z ocele obsahujúcej uhlík. Takisto ani žiadna súčiastka z rozvodnej rúry. Roztoky dusičnanov majú veľmi vysokú elektrickú vodivosť, korózia je zaručená. Takže ušľachtiká zliatina bez uhlíka bude obsahovať aj prímesi železa :D:D

Pracovný cuklus už naostro: Proces pri 100% výkone: V hornej úvrati (alebo nejaký ten stupeň pred) vstrekneme naftu, primerané množstvo pre vývin vysokého tlaku a teploty. ((Potiaľto to funguje ako normálny vznetový motor)) Pri posunutí piestu o centimeter pod hornú úvrať už vstrekujeme ďalšie palivo a skôr než sa stihne rozpadnúť na uhlík bohatú zmes nasleduje dávka chladivého dusičnanového roztoku, tlak stúpa. Po posunutí na 2 centimetre pod hornú úvrať nasleduje druhá boostovacia dávka, výsledný tlak by mal byť blízko maximu. Pri približovaní sa ku štvrtému centimetru pod hornou úvraťou nasleduje posledná boostovacia dávka, tlak blízko maximu; tu treba zloženie a časovanie paliva a dusičnanu premyslieť, boli by sme radi aby spaliny idúce do výfuku mali primeranú, nízku teplotu ~550-650 stupňov Celzia, alebo niečo podobné, aby turbodúchadlo vydržalo ten nadštandardný tlak a množstvo splodín.

Výsledok: Oproti nepreplňovanému motoru môžeme pri neoptimalizovanom procese dosiahnuť 3-násobok výkonu, ale prakticky by sa dalo počítať s 250kW na 3-litrovom 5-valci, však to je len 50kW na valec bez použitia drahého a nebezpečného nitrometánu :P .

Výpočty čo sú potrebné: rozkladné teplo liadku, tepelná kapacita vzniknutých plynov a pár, spalné teplo paliva pre vzniknutý kyslík, odparné teplo rozpúšťadla -> výsledok je buď exotermicá alebo endotermická bilancia (skôr jej približný odhad) doladiť pre jednotlivé boost fázy procesu. Ale to bude práca na iný deň. Má niekto záujem o tento projekt ;-) ?

Cartridge Canon PG-40 to Canon CLI-8 are chipped. Now what?

Now what?

This is surprising, noone realised that there are NO chip replacements for these? Nor it is possible to reset these chips. Especially the Canon PG-40, PG-50, CL-41, CL-51 are interesting. Very little data lines and lots of thick power connections that lead to a very large piece of MEMS silicon. The print speed is up to 22 pages per minute, so tha data rate is about...

Nozzle Text: Black: 320, Color: 384 x 3 colors (C, M, Y), the black is 600x600dpi, the color print up to 4800x1200dpi at much lower speeds.So, if the printed format is 8x11 inches and we print at 600dpi page in 3 seconds, we get 10 Mbit per second data rate (some kind of serial or serio-parallel multiplexing). I am not sure how exactly the cartridges communicate with the printer, but I would be happy to hear that some serious assymetrical ciphering is at least being used. Why? By no other means you can secure you place on cartridges sales. Aalmost every EPSON cartridge tha was made is now available from Print Rite, except of the very latest one printers - but to be fair, even the sellers of the EPSON 4000, 5000, 6000 line do not have cartridges for those on sale!

OK, it's been a year or more and nobody came with a hint on the Canon Pixma iP4200, iP5000 PGI-8 and PGI-5 cartridges, except of placing the old chip into a new fill tank. If I had some time and funding to hack into this...

"Erasing" EPROM without UV

There is no such thing as overerasing, but there are some gate effects that can prove helpful in getting to the protected content of memory chips. We start with EPROM FAMOS cell, because it is the oldest reprogrammable memory here and it served well for many, many years.

Basic disadvantage is quantum mechanics... You program this memory to "0" by tunelling some hot electrons under high electrical stress. You have to do it in short pulses... have you ever wondered why? You can oversaturate the sensing transistor by "too much programming" the FAMOS transistor, I guess the best is to use one solid long pulse, longer than the programming manual intended, if it is succesful, sor some time the cell might be read as a logical "1", that means unprogrammed state. Of course, if the programming circuitry is not disabled. (most probably not, IC designers are lazy creatures)

Any proof? I know you want me to quote some sources.. I will one day maybe, but I personally tried a cheaper single-chip video camera. It was pretty much IR sensitive, so colors were rather poor. The sun was rising and started to show in the window. As I pointed tha camera more to the sun, The sun appeared as bright, brighter, brightest and became a big black spot surrounded by white. So, you see that various hacks do exist on there big fat floating polysilicon gates. By the way, the camera CCD sensor is very similar to EPROM memory.

Next post might be about the specs of the old EEPROM and its read and write logical cell states and hypothetical modes of attack.

P.S. I have to mention memory cell size, programming protocol, supply voltage, supply voltage interference, logic glitch.

Hacking manual again.

OK, I get to the point of this blog finally. I will start with hunorous quote from some former police officer Spišiak: "Hackers are criminals if you don't know that!" The only thing I can add is: Yes, the same as students and researchers are.

IBM has published a vely large explanation of how low voltage supplies work in hacking logick circuits functionality. Would you imagine that logic gates manufactured in so called 65nm to 130nm processes DO WORK at supply voltages as low as 150mV for example?? Crazy? Yes. The whole principle is explained in this link, you can also get the PDF version here.

The IBM Journal of Research and Development is one of the most briliant technical magazines you can see, and this one is even free to public! If you want to be ahead of time and know general news 3-6 months ahead, use the journal.

Next, we start from the beginning, the FAMOS - EPROM memory cell hacking.

EPSON R1800 review, part 2

To sum it up, hypothesis confirmed. Hhat the printer lacks a bit is more vibrant RED and MAGENTA, but for printing human faces, this is more than adequate. Before buying this printer, note that there is CYAN in all green variants, there is CYAN in all blue from cyan to deeep blue (not to be confused with IBM computer), so if you are printing nature photos/trees and water, your CYAN cartridge will sink very quickly. As for the pigment lightfastness, I will yet have to test this. Maybe after the hse-ink-system will be installed ;)

My personal EPSON R1800 review

. I am sorry for not posting so long... Loth of things happened in the world since then - but the proceeding fascization of human minds scares me the most from all the good and bad I have observed ever since.

. Back to track.

. This may sound interesting. Ever since I noticed that the EPSON Stylus Photo R1800 / R800 has "new" colors, other than the usual offered by anyone else, I became to be interested. But one day I got to install such printer and made nozzle check print, all was clear. The revolutionary invention should - according to my theory - be that the CMY color system is abandoned on this printer. HOW you ask?

. A little background: The minimum setup for color printing is CMY - cyan, magenta, yellow. You can mix all colors from these pretty well. (Pixma iP1200 is one such good example :P) If you look at the hue circle - you will see the colors equally spaced around - 120 degrees. Okay - any disadvantages? Yes - the color resolution - if you can place any small/big amount of ink on the paper it is less of a problem, but you can not. You are limited with your DPI and drop modulation options, plus the ability of the paper TO SINK ALL THE INK. Imagine you wan to make a RED color in a small spot. You spray 10 drops of magenta and 10 drops of yellow. You have it. You see that IF you are limited to only 10 drops of each at maximum at a certain spot, the amount of different colors is too limited. That is why Canon uses CMYRG in their high class printers. If you can mix the colors between yellow and red and between red and magenta, you get double the color resolution at the same DPI and speed. OR you can be twice as fast with your print to achieve the same color resolution.

. Now we get to the EPSON R800 or EPSON R1800 color system. The designers got a crazy idea - "what if we increased the resolution of the colors we need the most?" Okay, what colors do you need the most? "Well, our customers want to print beautiful human beings dressed in blue." Hey! Is that why all the test prints in advertising feature a pretty face with blue textile?

. I highly suspect they never intended just to add pure blue and pure red as you can see them on the picture above. The first striking difference is the "BLUE" which seems to be exactly halfway between blue and magenta on the nozzle check printout. What do you achieve by "twisting" the colors in such a "perverse" way? If you look at the second, EPSON R800 (R1800) hue circle, you will see that the shift is substantial. But you can easily spot that the colors are more on the borders of the pure colors, not in the middle - except of the yellow. [Well still waiting for the test print and microscopy to confirm - in august] This way you can get even more resolution in "mission critical" applications - printing human faces and blue sky. Well, talking about it - I printed a CD with the R1800 with some photos and the blue on the prints is blue, I mean BLUE, not just some dots! The sky, the blue umbrellas, totally perfect!

. Now about the EPSON new color system again:
- Mixing the yellow and the shifted red allows easier printing of skin tones, less possible errors in reproduction, much less perceptible dots - still visible, but not distracting!
- Between the shifted red and shifted magenta are other important tones - lips, roses, Ferrari F40, all get mixed from TWO and MORE colors at once, thus providing perfect coverage - no white space, no annoying dots.
- Did I already mention how the printer renders the blue tones of sky and such? Looking at the printout on flat CD seemed more satisfactory than looking out trough the window.
- Any disadvantages? Ehmmmmm, yes. The color mixing. I mean software. With CMY only, it is extremely easy to define how to mix a certain color, certain shade. There is only ONE way in each case hoe to do it. In a 7-color system, where 6 colors are unique (the two blacks can be counted as one, since only the density and gloss level differs and the gloss optimiser is not used for coloring :P) you have much more ways how to mix a certain color. But once you master that, you can create amazing, stunning presentations - well, that is the whole point of making presentations, right?
- The analyst reviews of the printers were just a bit disappointing - well, that "the wide gamut printer has lower than miraculous gamut capabilities" That can be true. But from what we have seen, the gamut of the printer is set to suit the needs for realistic photos of REAL OBJECTS, second the ICM profiles can change/improve it.
So what is the point of some of the 8-color printers with 3-black inks, 2 magenta inks, two cyan inks and one yellow ink?

• need for only 4 pigments or dyes
• gain in speed at reasonable intensity modulation quality
• improved intensity modulation, especially in light grey, less or no visible dots
• gray shade color purity, no greenish or purplish grey
• the light grey and light light gray can be mixed to ordinary colors to darken them a little
• ehmmm, I forgot the last one. It's 3 in the morning. sorry.
  

Coil winding, motor production

First, by the way... if you live in Switzerland, you are a lucky one.
Cheap supermagnets ahead! The page is in German, but still easy understandable. Be sure to read the funny comments! They even have N52 magnets and there is a practical measure "haftkraft" for easy comparing total magnet strenght.
Now to the point: coil and small motor here - from a small UFO flyer project.
BTW, got a spare CD-ROM with no bright future? Make it brighter! Build and engine. Motor.
"Sehr heftig." ;)

ATi SMARTGART settings save method and application.

For you who ever had a problem with ATi Radeon graphic cards like 9600, 9550 and the rest, one solution is to disable automatic "ATI smart" utility at boot time. Run services.msc and disable the ATI smart utility. This is the automatic detection of your appropriate AGP settings which can be of course wrong. If you change the "SMARTGART" settings in CATALYST driver for example, you will be asked to restart your computer. If you do it, your changed settings will take no effect is the SMART utility is run again. It will over-erase them :D. If you do not make a restart, your settings will take effect. It happens that if the ATi card is unstable and resets occur, etc, it is due to AGP write being disabled and AGP read enabled. [This is wrong and ill from the principles of communication... If you want to make a call, would you like to speak to microphone on the telephone (bus), but listen to speaker that is placed in the other end of the room, on a different bus, like the TV for example?]
So:
1. disable "ATI smart" utility after you run services.msc
2. run smartgart (maybe type in command prompt smartgart and press ENTER)
3. change settings (you changed the settings in BIOS already, right?)
4. play desired game on which you test the settings.

Pretty busy here...

But nothing much to be proud of. Today I spent almost 11 hours in work, well I mean in my employment job. Two month ago there were some critical days that I have spent 16 hours in a day working there. No, it doesn't pay off. But anyway, I think that people who say that 35-hour work week is too long are crazy. 40-42 hours should be optimal for humans. Problem of my being is that 90% of the other things I do is work of some kind also. SO more or less I work intensively on anything for 13-15 hours each day up to the time where I hibernate computer and turn the light off. Then I close my eyes and stand by. Oh, Saturday is almost always wasted time when I am trying to put myself together.

In other words I wanted to say that if I get a better job, or a job more related with my other work, I will be able to help, serve and publish more for the other people.

Dihydrogen Monoxide - DHMO.org DIHDRYOGEN MONOXIDE Headline Page

Dihydrogen Monoxide - DHMO.org DIHDRYOGEN MONOXIDE Headline Page
Please, go to the above link. You may not know what danger you are. Excessive DHMO inhalation can cause death. Especially death by suffocation.

How to make Radeon X1300 work with NForce4 chipset

EDIT2: The bug is still not discovered. Well, in both cases the nForce4-4X chipset is used. I found today 4 different classes of nForce4 drivers. I will try further investigating there. (well, both MSI and ASUS boards do this, do you think Sapphire VGA is the cause???)

EDIT: most probable cause was thie BIOS from 10/2005 which did not recognize the AMD processor from 11/2005 - well, there may be some other fine-tunings too. So new rules are: if the BIOS doesn't know your processor's name, you HAVE TO upgrade! (this used to be an option before)

Problem: Call of Duty causes total freezing of computer while playing or doing rapid moves.
Suspected cause: I suspect some buffer overrun. The HTT is 201MHz by default, PCIe 100MHz.

See my post to ATi:
I found a fix for the X1300Pro which freezed even under the today released Catalyst 5.13 drivers. The solution was simple. As the computers I install the X1300Pro run all Nforce4 chipsets, the HTT of the CPU is 201MHz... so I thougth if 100MHz PCIexpress is enough. After increasing it to 115MHz no longer any crashes! (ASUS K8N4-E) With MSI K8N Neo 3, where I met the problem first, I decreased maximum payload size to 128 (from 4096 default) and number of links from 16up and 16 down to 8+8. Again, Call of Duty was fixed.
Since the ASUS does not have these settings in the BIOS I had to find the "increase PCIe frequency" fix.

EPSON printout problems and solutions

I had problem with bronzing on glossy paper, found a solution on net: decrease CMY, increase saturation. Yes that helped a lot, but... the darkes colors became much lighter - so that hair color - intensity, decreased a lot... good for saving ink, while retaining clarity of the picture.
The EPSON printers work in CMYK by default, but selecting "vivid" instead of "Photorealistic" seemed to make prints in CMY only!!!
Well, problem was solved for 30 minutes... again only CMYK ;(
The problem with terrific bronzing is temporal only... it disappears completely after few days waiting! The black ink is different from the other a bit. (Stylus Color 685 with dye inks).
One other thing would help a lot, head heater, if the head had constant temp. of 35 deg. Celsius, printing would be much better.

EPSON printout problems and solutions

I had problem with bronzing on glossy paper, found a solution on net: decrease CMY, increase saturation. Yes that helped a lot, but... the darkes colors became much lighter - so that hair color - intensity, decreased a lot... good for saving ink, while retaining clarity of the picture.
The EPSON printers work in CMYK by default, but selecting "vivid" instead of "Photorealistic" seemed to make prints in CMY only!!!
Well, problem was solved for 30 minutes... again only CMYK ;(
The problem with terrific bronzing is temporal only... it disappears completely after few days waiting! The black ink is different from the other a bit. (Stylus Color 685 with dye inks).
One other thing would help a lot, head heater, if the head had constant temp. of 35 deg. Celsius, printing would be much better.

Canon E250 8mm Video Camcorder

I got this fine camera and I simply found that the IR focusing is turned to full on (maximum distance), the eject is working erratically, if at all, the recording function is unknown since play is just different type of distorded noise.
On the other hand, it has a lovely subminiature picture tube ELY06V572B which google has no clue about. It is about 2 inches long and has coil deflection and a sharp picture. I would like more info about the battery detect switches there.

Remember the feeling when you last time invented something?

Sometimes it happens to anyone. People come to various fantastic genial ideas easily.
This little story is just about that.

offmind (offroad brain)

How do you know there is someone both rich and stupid?
At first, he does not even know how to write properly.
At second, look at the image but don't get a heart attact!
originally spotted: http://j0seph.nopdesign.sk/nvidia_7800.jpg

Of unbreakable Actel chips...

Well, it seems to me that the unbreakable Actel chips are hacked on a daily basis, it is not the first time I see that. Judge for youself ;)
:D

These guys http://www.matrixmod.com/1011.htm may just have stolen the trademark of these: http://www.infinitymod.com/ and the discussed chip is this: http://www.infinitymod.com/cgi-bin/matrix/site.pl?page=chip_infinity. I am really not sure whether understand the saying of the "bad ones" that

"Our new Infinity SE features a Military Temperature Grade IC that can work up to 125C temperature, so you will not undergo any problem even in longer game session. Other standard modchip use commercial grade Actel APA075 that can work up to 70C, cause of the thigh space inside the new PSTwo this temperature will be reached in just few minutes, causing malfunctions and laser lens blown up."

, whether this means that they program the code of the other guys into their Matrix Infinity SE, or they during the time reengineered their own. You know, all problems are in the fact that everybody keeps saying: "OUR product is the most perfect, not like the others", thus we can assume that every product is perfect and useless at the same time, eh?

I love these LTC guys!

I love their application notes, I love their OpAmps and now I love their site and server!
The old "HTTP 500 Internal Server Error" message is poor and obsolete. I quite well enjoy this one here!

Isn't she a lovely girl?

"Isn't she a lovely, lovely girl?"
That's from a song.

Oh, what?.
No, not mine. This time.
Well definitely, I hope :D.

Long time no see

I remember the above to be the first sentence of that kind I learned in English. Now that is right what do I feel right now. Long time no see. Honestly? I am desperade, broken, ready to push the big red button with label "EJECT" three times to say goodbye. I wanna go home. Bad luck there is no other home than the one I currently reside in. But still, something makes me want to leave to go elsewhere, to another place like, the one I would call my home. No wonder there is so much terrorist attacks recently, because when I, who has a serious reason not to cry, when I am so devastated from living in this stress, what about people who are poorer than me and also don't understand this world like I do?
I wish I had another chance, another chance to anything and everything. I don't know if I understand what I said completely, but I hope someone will do.

Have a nice tomorrow.

World is full of mysteries, do you like to shiver?

I recently stumbled upon an article which made me think a bit. I made some analysis and this is my conclusion: Perharps a rotating toroidal plasmoid was formed and that induced lot of current which has caused an earthquake due to magnetostrictive force. It also caused a "kick" to the steel constructions of the buildings and induced currents also have done their job. The plasmoid had lasted for 10 seconds during which it has expanded, cooled down and somehow it rapidly disappeared and caused the current flow to be reversed very, very rapidly. This caused the second shock and the very remarkably visible part of the explosion.

Conclusion? Well, just don't do it at home! Neither at your own or your neighbour's! EMP weapons seriously damage all the infrastructure we had built for past 100 years or so.

Plus: do not any nuclear bomb explode higher tnat 500 meters over the ground or you will be very hated... especially don't do it in height of over 100km. PLEASE!

New emulator concept for Z80, ZX Spectrum OR only ZX BASIC on a PIC18F8721

Well I re-invented a concept of how-to make fast emulation of byte oriented code execution. It can be applied on emulating Z80 processor code on a PIC18F with 100% timing compatibility when emulating a 4MHz Z80 processor. The discussion starts here.

I think I will apply this later on making a BASIC interpreter of the same type as was on ZX Spectrum, because you had access to many machine oriented operations and I/O interfacing. Plus the way the Speccy use the interpreter speeds things a lot. Read this wikipedia link. I would recommend you to use an ZX Spectrum emulator, by I rely on Google that it will find something relevant to download. EDIT: Realspectrum RS-32 seems to be far superior over the other. Real Spectrum.

A memory glitch

This is not a technical note. It is about myself.
I revoked a situation, an image from my memory. It was sometimes when I was 7 or 8 years old. I went to the bed but I took some kid books with me and I was reading those poems again. I was in the same body position as when I am reading datasheets at late night today.
Amazing! That means I showed a tendency to read and learn everything interesting. I can remember the hunger for information in that evening as I planned which parts will I read again, on my own.
Bad luck that time when I woke up I realized that I did not finish reading all the books I wanted to.
Parents! Support your children's abilities! Pay attention to them!

Mario has a PICMicro hacking blog. Security issues of MCUs are discussed here.

Mario has a PICMicro hacking blog. Security issues of MCUs are discussed here.

So my first rant will be about SMD TQFP soldering.

I added some pictures to the discussion (link below) and I hope it will help some people who got the SMD soldering mental block. I really don't see any problem with any SMD once you get to learn to use tool BIG enough, not SMALL enough to do that. What am I doing is not work of little dwarfs on the PCB, it is the same work that is done by some real large SMT soldering station.
Soldering and desoldering of large SMD TQFP chips is described below:

Enough! pictures speak for themselves.
http://forum.microchip.com/tm.asp?m=70051
(The pictures are at the bottom and on the page2)


Added:
And, if you are worried about some small DC currents spoiling your processor, read here ;)
http://forum.microchip.com/tm.asp?m=69370
Well, the discussion evolved into ranting about some 20T Bitter magnet (after Francis Bitter), which can now make peak some 60T only ;).